Method of making paper centering-cups or the like



H. DE OLANETA.

METHOD OF MAKING PAPER CENTERING CUPS OR THE LIKE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 28, I920.

Patented July 26, 1921.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

H. DE OLANETA.

METHOD OF MAKING PAPER CENTERING CUPS OR THE LIKE.

APPLICATION HLED1U NE28. I920.

1,385, 13 1 Patented y 26, 1921.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

. ii ///A lll g/myqg MM UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HAROLD DE OLANETA, OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, ABSIGNOR TO THE WINCHFS-TER BEPEATING ARMS COMPANY, OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT.

METHOD 01' MAKING PAPER CENTERING-CUPS OR THE LIKE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 26, 1921.

Application filed June 28, 1920. Serial No. 392,287.

T 0 all whom. it may concern:

Be it known that I, HAROLD or. OLANETA, a citizen of the United States,and a resident of New Haven, county of New Haven, State of Connecticut,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Methodsof MakingPaper Centering-Cups or the like, of which the following is a full,clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to the manufacture of paper cups, and moreparticularly to that type of these articles used in making dry cells,although the invention is not necessarily limited in this respect as itmay be followed in making similar cups, capable of various purposes anduses.

One of the primary objects of this 1n- Vent-ion is to provide a simple,expedient, and economical method of making the cups from paper blanks.

A further object'of the invention is to provide an improved method oftreatment of the blank from which the cup is made so that it may be moreeasily formed and given the required shape.

A still further object of the invention is to provide an improved methodof manufacture of paper cups of this type, which may be performed bysuitable machines, and thus enable the cups to be made in largequantities with a minimum expenditure of labor.

To these and other ends, the invention consists in the novel featuresandsteps and procedure to be hereinafter described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings:

Figure 1 is a central sectional view of a dry cell, showing a papercentering cup in its operative position.

Fig. 2 is a view of the paper blank or disk from which the cup ismade.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the punch and die used in the manufactureof the cup,

' showing the position of the blank, and other Fig. 6 is a bottom planview of the punch.

7 is a top plan view of the die.

Flg. 8 is a top plan view of the completed 11 the dry cell shown in Fig.1 of the drawings, the zinc cup 10, constituting one electrode, containsa carbon pencil 11, which serves as the other electrode. The carbonelectrode is embedded in and surrounded by a depolarizingcartridge 12,consisting of a suitable powdery or granular depolarizing materialtamped about the carbon in order to form a block or cartridge adheringto the same. The cartridge is preferably inclosed in a paper envelop,such as a bag 13, of cheese cloth or the like. Between the side surfaceof the cartridge and the inner surface of the side wall of the zinc cupis a suitable electrolytic paste M. in the bottom of the zinc cu is thepaper centering cup or disk 15 whic will be dealt with more particularlyhereinafter.

Overlying the cartridge 12 and abutting the ,upper surface thereof, is awasher 16 of parafiined paper or the like, having an opening whereby itis fitted about the carbon electrode. Above the washer 16, is a secondwasher 16, which may be of the same tion to provide a gas chamber 17between the two washers and a deep pocket near the electrode for asealing material 17. The top of the carbon electrode is provided with acontact cap 11 usually of brass.

The cup 15 which is used to center the cartridge 12 in the zinc cup ismade from a paper blank of disk'shape as shown in Fig. 2. This paperblank is treated with paraflin before the cup is formed. The blank is,in practice, cut from strips of paper and the paper may have beenimpregnated with paraffin before this cutting process or the blanks mayfirst be cut from the untreated paper, and impregnated when in diskform.

While the steps and procedure included in my invention may be performedby various means, I have shown, for this purpose, a preferred embodimentof one form of machine which carries outmy method expeditiously andefiiciently. It consists, in the form shown, of a press having a movablepunch and a cooperating die in which the cup is formed by pressure.

The press is provided with a gate or movable part 18 in which isprovided a suitable socket 19 which receives a punch collar 20. Thiscollar is in the form of a cylindrical sleeve, and is provided with an.opening 21, extending through the same, which, when the collar isinserted in the socket 19 may be placed in alinement with a threadedscrew hole 22 in the gate, and the punch collar may thus be locked inposition by a set screw 23 being inserted inthe hole 22 to a sufiicientextent to engage the collar. As stated above, this collar is in the formof a sleeve, and is provided with a central bore or socket 24 for thereception of the-upper end of an outside punch 25. This punch isgenerally of a cylindrical shape and is provided with an annularshoulder 26, which is adapted to abut against the lower end of the punchcollar 20 when the punch is in position. The upper end of the punch isprovided with a recess 26", which is adapted to be placed in alinementwith the opening 21 that the set screw 23 ma be inserted through theopening 21, unti its end will engage in the recess 26, to hold the punchin position in the collar. The punch is also provided with an interiorbore or opening 27 extending entirely through the punch. Extendingthrough the wall, near the lower end thereof, is rovided a slot oropening 28, of oblong shape. The lower edge of this outside punch isprovided with scallops or indentations 38 for a urpose to be hereinafterexplained. In t e upper end of the bore 27 is a resilient member whichin the embodiment shown takes the form of a coil spring 29.

Within the bore 27 and below the spring 28, is inserted an inside punch30, which snugly fits within the bore and is provided with an opening 31for the reception of a set screw 32, the outer end of which is adaptedto rest in the slot or opening 28 in the inside punch 25, and in thisway serves to limit the relative movement of the two punches. It will beseen that the coil spring 29 will serve to normally keep the punch inits lower position so that the screw 32 will normally rest in the lowerend of the slot 28. This inside punch is in turn provided with aninterior opening 33, extending nearly throughout the entire lengththereof, and within this opening, at the upper end thereof, is a secondresilient member or coil sprin 34, bearing at its upper end against thetop o the opening 33 and its lower end a ainst a stripper punch 35,which snugly ts within the opening 33. This stripperpunch isprovided onthe side adjacent the screw 32 with a recess 36, and the set screw 32 isadapted to be inserted through the opening 31 so that it will projectinto the recess 36 and thus limit the movement of the stripper punch,relative to the inside punch. he recess 36 is, as shown, of greaterlength than the diameter of the screw 32 so as to permit some relativemovement between these two punches. It will be apparent from thestructure of the parts just described, that if the press gate is nowbrought down against a flat surface, the stripper punch will be forcedup against the tension of its spring 34, until the lower end is flushwiththe lower end of the inside punch 30. If the downward movement ofthe press gate is continued, the inside punch will now be movedrelativel to the outside punch againstthe tenslon of the spring 29, thescrew 32 moving upwardly in the slot 28.

Below the gate and punches just described, is a die block 40 providedwith a socket 41 for the reception oi a die 42. This die is providedwith a forming bore, located centrally relatively to the die, which atits lower end is cylindrical in shape as shown at 43, the diameter beingequal to that of the formed cup 15. Above this cylindrical portion thisbore is formed with a gradually increasing sectional area until a point44 is reached, near the upper surface of the die, where it flaresabruptly as shown at 45, so that at the upper surface of the die thereis provided an opening, the diameter of which is substantially equal tothe diameter of the disk blank 15. On the die block rests a dial, aportion of which is shown at 46, provided with openings to receive thedisk blanks 15, one of which openings is shown at 47.

Below, and in alinement with the cylindrical portion 43 of the formingbore, the die block is provided with an opening 48, through which isadapted to extend a bottom punch 49, having an enlarged head portion. 50which snugly fits the bore 43, and provides a convenient andsatisfactory means for removing the formed cup from the die. As shown inFig. 5, this bottom punch carries the completed cup up level with thesurface of the die block where it may be conveniently removed by therotation of the dial or in any other desired manner.

It has already been stated that the disks 1 15 may be cut from strips ofpaper impregnated with parafiin or the disks may first be blanked outand subseguently treated with the paraflin. This para 11 treated disk issubjected to heat to soften the araflin to some extent, thus renderingthe b ank pliable so that it may be more easily folded and formed intothe desired shape. The heating of the disks may be accomplished in avariety of ways, one of which is to place the disks on a metal surfaceheated by an electric coil. The disk is allowed to remain in contactwith this heating surface for a short time and it is then suflicientlypliable to be shaped into the cup'.

If the cup is to be made by machinery in large quantities, provision maybe made for causing these disks, in their travel to the forming die, tobe passed over a heating coil as described, remaining in contacttherewith long enough to give them the desired pliability. I have shownsuch anarrangement incor orated in a machine for manufacturing t ese ons in my co-pending application, Serial 0. 392,286, filed June 28, 1920.After passing through the heating process, the disk is carried in oneofthe openings 47 of the dial, above the die forming bore. The dial maybe brought into alinement with the bore before the disk is inserted, or,if desired, the disk may be inserted in the dial and the dial thereaftermoved over the bore. The gate of the press is then brought down and theblank forced down into the forming bore, the edge of the disk beingcupped up and crimped or folded around the inside unch 30, whichmaintains a uniform inner iameter for the cup of a size to receive thecartridge 12. v

When the stripper punch strikes the blank it is forced upwardly relativeto the inside punch against the tension of the spring 34 until its lowerend is flush with the lower face of the inside punch. As the strokecontinues and increased pressure is brought upon the lower face of theinside punch it is retracted to some extent within the outside punchagainst the tension of the s ring 29 as shown by a comparison between i4 and Fig. 3 and Fig. 5. This allows t e scaL loped lower edge of theoutside punch to be brou ht down on the upper cupped edge of the b lank,which is held, a ainst lateral dis placement, between the inside punchand the cylindrical forming bore 43, and to form cut out portions,indentations or scallops 15",

on this edge of the cup. As shown in Fig. 4, the

rojecting portions of the ed e of the outside punch crush downwardly t eopposmg portions of the upper cupped edge of the blank, and thus formthe indentations or scallops.

On the upward movement of the gate and punches, the springs 29 and 34,urge the inside and stripper punches outwardly to their normalpositions, the stripper punch stri ping the formed cup fromthe insidepunch, to which it would otherwise be held by friction, the cup droppingon the bottom-punch and thereby being carried upward to the surface ofthe diewhere it may be conveniently removed for the insertion of a newblank. 7 Y As the cup reaches the upper enlarged portion of the dieforming bore, the cupped sides will flare slightly from. the closelyfolded or crimped position at the bottom of the bore, due to the releaseof pressure thereon, thus enabling the cup to be sli ped over the end ofthe cartridge with faci ity. The scallops or indentations are as shown,formed uite deeply in the edges of the cup so that t e upturned cupwalls or edges will interfere as little as possible with the action ofthe electrolyte, while at the same time, presenting a sufiicientcentering area.

The crushing of the walls to provide the indentations renders theseportions of the wall quite thick so that while. a comparatively largespace may be left for the electrolyte between the cartrid and the zinccup, et the thickened portions of the cup will t snugly in this spaceand firmly center the 'cartrid I have ound the herein describedpreferred way of performing my method, an expeditious and exceedinglyconvenient manner of manufacturing these centerin or the like. It willbe understoo that my invention is not limited to the exact features orprocedure described, but is capable of many variations and modificationswhich lie within the spirit of the invention and in the scope of theappended claims.

While I have illustrated and described in particularity the manufactureof ajpaper centering cu for dry cells, it is to be understood that t emethod which is the subject of my invention-;-.may be followed in themanufacture of many similararticles, made of other materials, anddesigned for use in other relations.

I make no claim in this a plication to the construction of the dry cellas this forms thesubject matter of my copending application Serial No.368,324 fil'edMarch 24,

1920, nor do I claim the centerin cup as an article of manufacture asclaime in my coending application Serial No. 379,515 filed ay 7, 1920,nor doI claim the apparatus, shown herein, for car ing out my improvedmethod for the same fbrms the subject mat.- ter of my copendingapplication Serial No. 392,286, filed June 28, 1920.

What I claim is: p 1. The method of making centering cups for dry cells,or the like, from fibrous material which includes shaping the upturnededge of the cup to form indentatlons or scallops therein.

2. The-method of making paper cups, or the, like, which includes shapingby pressure the upturned edge of the cup to form indentations orscallops therein.

3. The methodbf making centering cups for dry cells, or the like, whichincludes shaping the upturned edge of the cup to form indentations orscallops therein by crushing said ed 4. The methofzf making centerincups for dry cells, or the like from a blan disk of fibrous material,which includes shaping cups ' body from a blank of fibrous sheetmaterial which comprises heating to blank to render the same pliableduring the cupping operation and thereafter cupping the same.

7. The method of making centering cups for dry cells, or the like, whichcomprises cupping a suitable blank and shaping the turned edge of saidcupped portion to form scallops or indentations therein.

8. The method of making paper cups, or thelike, which comprises cuppinga suitable blank and shaping the turned edge of said cupped portion bypressure to form scallops or indentations therein.

9. The method of forming a cup shaped body from a blank of fibrous sheetmaterial, which comprises cupping a suitable blank and shaping theturned edge of said cupped portion by crushing said edge to formscallops or indentations therein.

10. The method of making centering cups for dry cells, or the like,which comprises cupping by pressure a suitable blank, and shaping theturned edge of said cupped portion to form scallops or indentationstherein.

11. The method of making paper cups, or the like, which comprisescupping by pressure a suitable blank, and shaping the turned edge ofsaid cupped portion by pressure to form scallops or indentationstherein.

12. The method of forming a cup shaped body from a blank of fibroussheet material, which comprises cupping by pressure a suitable blank andshaping the turned edge of said cupped portion by crushing'the edge toform scallops or indentations therein.

13. The method of making centering cups for dry cells, or the like,which comprises cupping a suitable blank, and substantiallysimultaneously shaping the turned edge of said cupped portion to formscallops or indentations therein.

14. The method of making paper cups, or the like, which comprisescupping a suitable blank, and substantially simultaneously shaping theturned edge of said cupped portion by pressure to form scallops orindentations therein.

15. The method of forming a cup shaped body from a blank of fibroussheet material, which comprises cupping a suitable blank, andsubstantially simultaneously shaping the turned edge of said cuppedportion by crushing said edge to form scallops or indentations therein.

' 16. The method of making centering cups for dry cells, or the like,which comprises cu pingby pressure a suitable blank, and su stantiallysimultaneously shaping the turned edge of said cupped portion to form'scallops or indentations therein.

17.. The method of making paper cups, or the like, which comprisescupping by pressure a suitable blank, and substantially simultaneouslyshaping the turned edge of said cupped portion by pressure to formscallops or indentations therein.

18. The method of forming a cup shaped body from a blank 0f fibroussheet material, which comprises cupping by pressure a suitable blank,and substantially simultaneously shaping the turned edge of said cuppedportion by crushing said edge to form scallops or indentations therein.

19. The method of making centering cups for dry cells, or the like,which comprises cupping a suitable blank, holding the cupped edgeagainst lateral displacement, and shaping said edge to provide scallopsor indentations therein.

20. The method of making centering cups for dry cells, or the like,which comprises cupping a suitable blank, holding the cupped edgeagainst lateral displacement, and shaping said edge by pressure toprovide scallops or indentations therein.

21. The method of making centering cups for dry cells, or the like,which comprises cupping a suitable blank, holding the cupped edgeagainst lateral displacement, and shaping said edge by crushing the sameto provide scallops or indentations therein.

22. The method of cupping a blank of impregnated fibrous material whichincludes heating the blank to render the same pliable and thereaftercupping the same.

23; The method of making a centering cup, or the like, which comprisescoating a suitable blank with a protective covering, subjecting thecoated blank to a softening process, and cupping the same.

24. The method of making a centering cup, or the like, which comprisescoating :1 suitable blank with a protective covering, subjecting thecoated blank to a softening process, and cupping the blank by pressure.

25. The method of making a centering cup, or the like, which comprisesimpregnating a suitable blank with paraflin, heating said blank torender same pliable, and thereafter cupping the same by pressure.

26. The method of making a paper centering cup, or the like, whichcomprises impregnating a suitable blank with parafiin, heating saidblank to render the same pliable, and thereafter cupping the same, andsimultaneously shaping the edge of said cupped portion to providescallops or indentations therein.

27. The method of making a centering cu or the like, which comprisescoating a suitable blank with a protective covering,

subjecting the coated blank to a softenin process, andcupping the sameand simu taneously shaping the turned edge to form scallops orindentations therein.

28. The method of making a centering cup, or the like, which comprisescoating a suitable blank with a rotective covering, subjecting thecoated b ank to a softening process, cupping the same by pressure, andshaping the edge of the blank to form indentations thereinsimultaneously with the cupping process.

29. The method of making a centering cup, or the like, which comprisesimpregnating the material of which the cup is to be made with aprotective filling, subjecting it to a softening process, and shapingthe upturned edge thereof to provide indentations therein.

30. The method of making a centering cup for dry cells, or the like,which comprises coating the surface of said cup with a protectivecovering, subjecting the same to a heating process to render it pliable,and shaping the turned edge to form indentations therein.

31. The method of making a centering cup for dry cells, or the like,which comprises impregnating the walls and bottom of the cup witharafiin, heating the walls of the cup to ren er them pliable, andshaping the same to form indentations therein.

32. The method ofmaking a centering cup, or the like, which comprisesimpregnating the material of which the cup is to be made with aprotective filling, subjecting it to a softening process, and shapingthe upturned edge thereof by crushing said edge to provide indentationstherein.

33. The method of making a centering cup for dry cells, or the like,which comprises coating the surface of said cup with a protectivecovering, subjecting the same to a heating process to render the samepliable, and shapin the turned edge thereof by crushing said edge toform indentations therein.

34. The method of making a centering cup for dry cells, or the like,which comprises impregnating the walls and bottom of the cup withparaflin, heating the walls of the cup to render them pliable, andshaping the edge of the same by crushing it to form indentationstherein.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand, this 25th day of June,1920.

HAROLD DE OLANETA.

